How can E-Government respond to the Digital Divide?

Two Case Studies from Brazil

Abstract

This research explores how distinct municipal contexts in Brazil influence the design and implementation of digital public policies, focusing on two city-level digital initiatives. The study investigates the paradox of digital government efforts, which aim to enhance inclusivity and efficiency but often exacerbate the digital divide, particularly affecting underprivileged populations. This issue is significant for public administration, as understanding how local contexts shape policy outcomes is essential for creating inclusive and effective public services. Existing frameworks can fall short in addressing this puzzle because they often neglect the role of contextual variability and the necessary local adaptations to overcome digital exclusion. These frameworks overlook how sociotechnical factors specific to each locality impact user engagement and the success of digital policies. Building on this gap, we hypothesize that the adaptability of municipal governments to local demands and digital barriers is a decisive factor in user adherence and policy effectiveness. To address this question, we conducted a comparative analysis of two municipal digital initiatives: the "Ouvindo Nosso Bairro" participatory program in Salvador and the "Saúde Já Curitiba" digital health platform in Curitiba. These cases demonstrate how municipal governments have tackled digital barriers and tailored information and communication technology (ICT) solutions to meet the diverse needs of their populations. Our qualitative research design combines documentary analysis with interviews of program managers and participants. Fieldwork and primary data collection took place between October 2022 and January 2023. Using the digital divide lens, we analyze how local contexts influenced the development and outcomes of these initiatives. This study aims to contribute to the broader discourse on digital inclusivity by demonstrating how municipal governments can adapt public policies to bridge the digital divide. By offering insights into these adaptations, the research aligns with the Sustainable Development Goals, particularly those promoting inclusive and equitable societies, reducing inequalities, and fostering innovation in public administration.