Advanced Leveraging of Government Data on Firms’ Vulnerability to Crisis Using Artificial Intelligence

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.59490/dgo.2025.940

Keywords:

Artificial Intelligence, Government data, Machine Learning, Clustering, Economic Crises

Abstract

Government agencies possess large quantities of valuable data, which have to be leveraged to the highest possible extent, using the most advanced processing methods, in order to extract as much as possible the valuable knowledge they contain, in order to support future decisions, policies and programs. In this paper we develop a methodology for sophisticated advanced leveraging of data that government agencies possess concerning firms’ behaviour during recessionary economic crises as well as firms’ vulnerability to them, which is based on a combination of artificial intelligence (AI) techniques, both unsupervised and supervised ones. Economic crises are one of the most important significant challenges that market-based economies face, which has detrimental effects on businesses of most sectors. Governments employ diverse interventions, including extensive programs in order to mitigate the adverse effects of economic crises, which may include employment reduction, famine, public disturbance, and political instability. These government interventions, particularly the extensive economic stimulus programs during crises, can be rendered more efficacious by concentrating on the firms that are more vulnerable to economic crisis. In this direction the proposed methodology includes initially the use of unsupervised learning AI techniques (clustering) in order to identify based on the abovementioned government data the main typologies of firms with respect to the impacts of economic crisis they experience. Then it includes supervised learning AI techniques (classification) in order to predict based on these data the susceptibility/vulnerability of individual firms to future economic crises. Additionally, the authors present an initial implementation and substantiation (application) of the proposed methodology utilizing a dataset from the Greek Statistical Authority made available upon request, pertaining to 363 companies, data acquired during the Greek economic crises that occurred from 2009 to 2014. Satisfactory results were obtained from this first application.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Acemoglu, D., Johnson, S., Robinson, J., & Thaicharoen, Y. (2003). Institutional causes, macroeconomic symptoms: Volatility, crises and growth. Journal of Monetary Economics, 50(1), 49–123. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-3932(02)00208-8

Ali, M., Alexopoulos, C., & Charalabidis, Y. (2022). A Comprehensive Review of Open Data Platforms, Prevalent Technologies, and Functionalities. Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Theory and Practice of Electronic Governance, 203–214. https://doi.org/10.1145/3560107.3560142

Allen, R. E. (2016). Financial Crises and Recession in the Global Economy, Fourth Edition.

Arvanitis, Sp., & Loukis, E. (2023). Factors Explaining ICT Investment Behavior of Firms During the 2008 Economic Crisis. Information Systems Management, 1–22. https://doi.org/10.1080/10580530.2023.2213839

Baldwin, R., & di Mauro, B. W. (2020). Mitigating the COVID Economic Crisis: Act Fast and Do Whatever It Takes (1a edition).

Charalabidis, Y., Alexopoulos, C., Lampoltshammer, T., Zuiderwijk, A., Janssen, M., & Ferro, E. (2018). The world of open data: Concepts, methods, tools and experiences. Public Administration and Information Technology, 28, 1–194. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-90850-2_1

Coenen, G., Straub, R., & Trabandt, M. (2012). Gauging the effects of fiscal stimulus packages in the Euro area. European Central Bank.

Dagoumas, A., & Kitsios, F. (2014). Assessing the impact of the economic crisis on energy poverty in Greece. Sustainable Cities and Society, 13, 267–278. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2014.02.004

Das, M. (2022). Economic crisis in Sri Lanka causing cancer drug shortage. The Lancet Oncology, 23(6), 710. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(22)00254-6

Douglas, P. H. (1976). The Cobb-Douglas Production Function Once Again: Its History, Its Testing, and Some New Empirical Values. Journal of Political Economy, 84, 903–915.

Dudjak, M., & Martinović, G. (2020). In-Depth Performance Analysis of SMOTE-Based Oversampling Algorithms in Binary Classification. International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering Systems, 11(1), 13–23. https://doi.org/10.32985/ijeces.11.1.2

European Commission. Joint Research Centre. (2022). AI Watch, road to the adoption of Artificial Intelligence by the public sector :a handbook for policymakers, public administrations and relevant stakeholders. Publications Office. [link]

Gao, Y., & Janssen, M. (2020). Generating value from government data using AI: an exploratory study. In G. V. Pereira, M.

Janssen, H. Lee, I. Lindgren, M. P. R. Bolívar, H. J. Scholl, & A. Zuiderwijk (Eds.), Electronic Government: Proceedings of the 19th IFIP WG 8.5 International Conference, EGOV 2020 (Vol. 12219, pp. 319–331). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57599-1

Gao, Y., Janssen, M., & Zhang, C. (2023). Understanding the evolution of open government data research: Towards open data sustainability and smartness. International Review of Administrative Sciences, 89(1), 59–75. https://doi.org/10.1177/00208523211009955

Gomes de Sousa, W., Pereira de Melo, E. R., De Souza Bermejo, P. H., Sousa Farias, R. A., & Oliveira Gomes, A. (2019). How and where is artificial intelligence in the public sector going? A literature review and research agenda. In Government Information Quarterly (Vol. 36, Issue 4, p. 101392 [1-14]). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.giq.2019.07.004

Hellwig, K.-P. (2021). Predicting fiscal crises: A machine learning approach. International Monetary Fund. https://doi.org/10.5089/9781513573588.001

Kalinowski, T. (2015). Crisis management and the diversity of capitalism: Fiscal stimulus packages and the East Asian (neo-)developmental state. Economy and Society, 44(2), 244–270. https://doi.org/10.1080/03085147.2015.1013354

Keeley, B., & Love, P. (2010). From Crisis to Recovery: The Causes, Course and Consequences of the Great Recession. OECD Insights OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264077072-en

Khatiwada, S. (2009). Stimulus Packages to Counter Global Economic Crisis: A Review. International Institute for Labour Studies Geneva, DISCUSSION PAPER SERIES, NO. 196. [link]

Knoop, T. A. (2010). Recessions and Depressions: Understanding Business Cycles (2nd ed). Praeger.

Kottika, E., Özsomer, A., Rydén, P., Theodorakis, I. G., Kaminakis, K., Kottikas, K. G., & Stathakopoulos, V. (2020). We survived this! What managers could learn from SMEs who successfully navigated the Greek economic crisis. Industrial Marketing Management, 88, 352–365. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2020.05.021

Leavitt, H. J. (1962). Applied Organizational Change in Industry: Structural, Technological and Humanistic Approaches. Carnegie Institute of Technology, Graduate School of Industrial Administration.

Loukis, E., Arvanitis, S., & Myrtidis, D. (2021). ICT-related Behavior of Greek Banks in the Economic Crisis. Information Systems Management, 38(1), 79–91. https://doi.org/10.1080/10580530.2020.1775916

Madan, R., & Ashok, M. (2023). AI adoption and diffusion in public administration: A systematic literature review and future research agenda. In Government Information Quarterly (Vol. 40, Issue 1, p. Article no. 101774 [1-18]). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.giq.2022.101774

Mahaboob, B., Ajmath, K. A., Venkateswarlu, B., Narayana, C., & Praveen, J. P. (2019). On Cobb-Douglas production function model. 020040. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5135215

Medaglia, R., Gil-Garcia, J. R., & Pardo, T. A. (2023). Artificial intelligence in government: Taking stock and moving forward. In Social Science Computer Review (Vol. 41, Issue 1, pp. 123–140). https://doi.org/10.1177/08944393211034087

Mishra, S., Sarkar, U., Taraphder, S., Datta, S., Swain, D., Saikhom, R., Panda, S., & Laishram, M. (2017). Principal Component Analysis. International Journal of Livestock Research, 1. https://doi.org/10.5455/ijlr.20170415115235

OECD. (2009a). Responding to the Economic Crisis Fostering Industrial Restructuring and Re-newal.

Official Journal of the European Union. (2019). DIRECTIVE (EU) 2019/1024 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 20 June 2019 on open data and the re-use of public sector information. [link]

Oliveras, L., Peralta, A., Palència, L., Gotsens, M., López, M. J., Artazcoz, L., Borrell, C., & Marí-Dell’Olmo, M. (2021). Energy poverty and health: Trends in the European Union before and during the economic crisis, 2007–2016. Health & Place, 67, 102294. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healthplace.2020.102294

Open, Useful and Re-usable data (OURdata) Index: 2019 (OECD Public Governance Policy Papers 01; OECD Public Governance Policy Papers, Vol. 01). (2020). https://doi.org/10.1787/45f6de2d-en

Pilat, D. (2004). The ICT Productivity Paradox: Insights from Micro Data. OECD Economic Studies, 1.

Saifi, S., & Horowitz, J. (2023, February 2). Blackouts and soaring prices: Pakistan’s economy is on the brink.

Samitas, A., Kampouris, E., & Kenourgios, D. (2020). Machine learning as an early warning system to predict financial crisis. International Review of Financial Analysis, 71, 101507. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.irfa.2020.101507

Scott Morton, M. S. (Ed.). (1991). The Corporation of the 1990s: Information technology and organizational transformation. Oxford University Press.

Stylidis, D., & Terzidou, M. (2014). Tourism and the economic crisis in Kavala, Greece. Annals of Tourism Research, 44, 210–226. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2013.10.004

Taylor, J. B. (2018). Fiscal Stimulus Programs During the Great Recession. Hoover Institution. [link]

Tsagkis, P., Bakogiannis, E., & Nikitas, A. (2023). Analysing urban growth using machine learning and open data: An artificial neural network modelled case study of five Greek cities. Sustainable Cities and Society, 89, 104337. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2022.104337

Van Loenen, B., Zuiderwijk, A., Vancau-Wenberghe, G., Lopez-Pellicer, F. J., Mulder, I., Alexopoulos, C., Magnussen, R., Saddiqa, M., Dulong De Rosnay, M., Crompvoets, J., Polini, A., Re, B., & Flores, C. C. (2021). Towards value-creating and sustainable open data ecosystems: A comparative case study and a research agenda. eJournal of eDemocracy and Open Government, 13(2), 1–27. https://doi.org/10.29379/jedem.v13i2.644

van Noordt, C., & Misuraca, G. (2022). Artificial intelligence for the public sector: Results of landscaping the use of AI in government across the European Union. In Government Information Quarterly (Vol. 39, Issue 3, p. [1-13]). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.giq.2022.101714

Wang, P., & Zong, L. (2023). Does machine learning help private sectors to alarm crises? Evidence from China’s currency market. Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and Its Applications, 611, 128470. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physa.2023.128470

Wirtz, B. W., Weyerer, J. C., Becker, M., & Müller, W. M. (2022). Open government data: A systematic literature review of empirical research. Electronic Markets, 32(4), 2381–2404. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12525-022-00582-8

Zuiderwijk, A., Chen, Y.-C., & Salem, F. (2021). Implications of the use of artificial intelligence in public governance: A systematic literature review and a research agenda. In Government Information Quarterly (Vol. 38, Issue 3, p. [1-19] 101577). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.giq.2021.101577

Zuiderwijk, A., Shinde, R., & Janssen, M. (2019). Investigating the attainment of open government data objectives: Is there a mismatch between objectives and results? In International Review of Administrative Sciences (Vol. 85, Issue 4, pp. 645–672). https://doi.org/10.1177/0020852317739115

Downloads

Published

2025-05-19

How to Cite

Ali, M., Loukis, E., Charalabidis, Y., & Alexopoulos, C. (2025). Advanced Leveraging of Government Data on Firms’ Vulnerability to Crisis Using Artificial Intelligence. Conference on Digital Government Research, 26. https://doi.org/10.59490/dgo.2025.940

Conference Proceedings Volume

Section

Research papers