Special Systems of Foul Water Stacks in High-Rise Buildings

Abstract

Due to maximum usage of building lands in cities, the construction of high-rise buildings is currently having the greater importance. High-rise buildings are buildings that, due to their height, must be designed in a different technical, technological and constructional way. In addition to height, the dominant element of high-rise buildings compared to buildings with a smaller number of floors is the usable area, which is an important factor for an investor. The more floors a building has, the more complicated it is to provide requirements of hygiene and quality of sanitary installations. In sanitary technology, the biggest problem is in the design of foul water stacks, which must be given higher attention. The issue of foul water stacks in highrise buildings is a relatively complex and demanding topic, due to the complicated hydraulic conditions in the flow of foul water in drainage pipes. The design must be based mainly on research and knowledge, which is obtained mainly from foreign sources. This topic is not so developed in our country. Stacks must be designed in such a way that the negative pressure and the overpressure created in them do not cause suction of water from traps. When there is no water in the trap, an annoying smell from the drainage occurs in the building. Extraction of water from traps is not the only one problem. Other problems are excessive vibration and noise spreading from stacks through building structures to the interior. This can be caused, for example, by an incorrectly chosen system, piping material, anchoring, or offset of the stack. Special fittings and systems have been designed for high-rise buildings, which eliminates most of disadvantages of conventional solutions. The paper deals with the analysis of modern technical solutions that favourably affect the hydraulic conditions in stacks and thus help to improve the comfort users of building.